Script reference

Put this Script in ServerScriptService. Values in a folder named leaderstats appear in the list at the top right, and the server keeps them.

game.Players.PlayerAdded:Connect(function(player)
  local stats = Instance.new("Folder")
  stats.Name = "leaderstats"
  stats.Parent = player

  local money = Instance.new("IntValue")
  money.Name = "Money"
  money.Parent = stats

  while player.Parent do
    wait(1)
    money.Value += 10
  end
end)

Put this LocalScript inside a TextLabel in StarterGui. It updates the label every time the server changes the money.

local player = game.Players.LocalPlayer
local money = player:WaitForChild("leaderstats"):WaitForChild("Money")
local label = script.Parent

local function show()
  label.Text = "Money: " .. money.Value
end

show()
money.Changed:Connect(show)

A LocalScript inside a TextLabel can change its text at any time.

local label = script.Parent

for number = 1, 10 do
  label.Text = number
  wait(1)
end

Make it in Studio: Avatar tab, Animation Editor. Copy its ID there and load it through the Animator of a character.

local animation = Instance.new("Animation")
animation.AnimationId = "assetid://your-id"
local player = game.Players.LocalPlayer
local humanoid = (player.Character or player.CharacterAdded:Wait()):WaitForChild("Humanoid")
humanoid:WaitForChild("Animator"):LoadAnimation(animation):Play()

A loaded track has Length, Looped, Speed, Priority, IsPlaying, Stopped, Ended and DidLoop. Events placed in the Animation Editor arrive through GetMarkerReachedSignal.

local animation = script.Parent.Hit
local humanoid = game.Players.LocalPlayer.Character:WaitForChild('Humanoid')
local track = humanoid:WaitForChild('Animator'):LoadAnimation(animation)

track:GetMarkerReachedSignal('Swing'):Connect(function(value)
  print('Marker reached', value)
end)
track.Stopped:Connect(function()
  print('Finished after', track.Length, 'seconds')
end)

track:Play()
track:AdjustSpeed(1.5)

Time of day, brightness and fog of the whole game. Click Lighting in the Explorer to set it, or change it from a script.

local lighting = game:GetService("Lighting")
lighting.ClockTime = 20
lighting.FogEnd = 150

Put them inside a part. A PointLight shines in all directions, a SpotLight towards one face.

local light = Instance.new("PointLight")
light.Color = Color3.fromRGB(255, 200, 120)
light.Range = 24
light.Parent = workspace.Part

Shoots small images out of a part. Emit releases a burst at once.

local emitter = Instance.new("ParticleEmitter")
emitter.Rate = 40
emitter.Lifetime = NumberRange.new(1, 2)
emitter.Color = ColorSequence.new(Color3.new(1, 1, 0), Color3.new(1, 0, 0))
emitter.Parent = workspace.Part
emitter:Emit(50)

Ready-made effects: one line and the part burns.

Instance.new("Fire", workspace.Part)
Instance.new("Smoke", workspace.Part)

A GUI that floats over a part and always faces the camera.

local sign = Instance.new("BillboardGui")
sign.Size = UDim2.new(0, 200, 0, 50)
sign.StudsOffset = Vector3.new(0, 3, 0)
sign.Parent = workspace.Part
local text = Instance.new("TextLabel")
text.Size = UDim2.new(1, 0, 1, 0)
text.Text = "Shop"
text.Parent = sign

Runs on the server, once for the whole game. It decides what really happens: damage, coins, saving. Put it in ServerScriptService or inside a part.

print("I run on the server")

Runs on one player's device. It handles that player's screen, keys and buttons. Put it in StarterPlayerScripts or inside a GUI object.

print("Hello " .. game.Players.LocalPlayer.Name)

The bridge between LocalScript and Script. Lives in ReplicatedStorage. Never trust what a player sends: check it on the server.

-- LocalScript
game.ReplicatedStorage.RemoteEvent:FireServer("hello")

-- Script
game.ReplicatedStorage.RemoteEvent.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, text)
  print(player.Name, text)
end)

Code that several scripts share. It runs once, when it is first required, and must end with return. In ReplicatedStorage both sides can use it, in ServerScriptService only the server.

-- ModuleScript named Coins in ReplicatedStorage
local Coins = {}
function Coins.double(n) return n * 2 end
return Coins

-- Then, in any Script:
-- local Coins = require(game.ReplicatedStorage.Coins)
-- print(Coins.double(21))

Objects in these services are not visible in the world. Keep templates there and Clone them. Players cannot see what is in ServerStorage.

local coin = game.ServerStorage.Coin:Clone()
coin.Position = Vector3.new(0, 5, 0)
coin.Parent = workspace

Lets scripts on the same side talk to each other.

local event = Instance.new("BindableEvent")
event.Event:Connect(function(text) print(text) end)
event:Fire("hello")

Creates a new object, for example a Part, Folder or Sound.

local part = Instance.new("Part")
part.Anchored = true
part.Position = Vector3.new(0, 10, 0)
part.Parent = workspace

Looks for a child by name and returns nil if there is none, so your script does not crash.

local door = workspace:FindFirstChild("Door")
if door then door.Transparency = 0.5 end

Waits until a child exists. Useful in LocalScripts, where things arrive a little later.

local remote = game.ReplicatedStorage:WaitForChild("RemoteEvent")

GetChildren lists direct children, GetDescendants everything below an object.

for _, child in ipairs(workspace:GetChildren()) do
  print(child.Name)
end

Clone makes a copy, Destroy removes an object for good.

local copy = workspace.Part:Clone()
copy.Parent = workspace
wait(5)
copy:Destroy()

Checks the kind of an object.

if workspace.Part:IsA("Part") then print("It is a part") end

Store your own values on any object.

workspace.Part:SetAttribute("Damage", 10)
print(workspace.Part:GetAttribute("Damage"))

IntValue, NumberValue, StringValue and BoolValue hold one value and fire Changed.

local score = Instance.new("IntValue")
score.Changed:Connect(function(value) print(value) end)
score.Value = 5

A position or size with X, Y and Z. Vectors can be added and multiplied.

local up = workspace.Part.Position + Vector3.new(0, 5, 0)
print(up.Magnitude)

Position and rotation together. CFrame.Angles uses radians.

workspace.Part.CFrame = CFrame.new(0, 10, 0) * CFrame.Angles(0, math.rad(45), 0)

Color3 sets exact colors, BrickColor uses color names.

workspace.Part.Color = Color3.fromRGB(255, 120, 0)
workspace.Part.BrickColor = BrickColor.new("Really red")

Position and size of GUI objects: share of the screen and pixels for X and Y.

script.Parent.Position = UDim2.new(0.5, 0, 0, 20)

Fixed lists of options, such as keys and materials.

workspace.Part.Material = Enum.Material.Neon

Connect runs a function every time, Once only the first time, and Wait pauses until it happens.

local connection = workspace.Part.Touched:Connect(function(hit) print(hit.Name) end)
wait(10)
connection:Disconnect()

Fires when something touches a part. Used for lava, coins and teleporters.

workspace.Part.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
  print(hit.Parent.Name)
end)

Makes a 3D part clickable.

local detector = Instance.new("ClickDetector", workspace.Part)
detector.MouseClick:Connect(function(player) print(player.Name) end)

Fire when players join and leave. Used for loading and saving.

game.Players.PlayerAdded:Connect(function(player)
  print(player.Name .. " joined")
end)

Controls a character: Health, WalkSpeed, JumpPower, TakeDamage and the Died event.

local humanoid = game.Players.LocalPlayer.Character:WaitForChild("Humanoid")
humanoid.WalkSpeed = 24
humanoid.Died:Connect(function() print("Oh no") end)

Fires when a TextButton is clicked.

script.Parent.MouseButton1Click:Connect(function() print("Clicked") end)

Pauses a script for some seconds. Every endless loop needs one.

while true do
  print("tick")
  wait(1)
end

Runs code at the same time as the rest, or a bit later.

task.spawn(function() print("now") end)
task.delay(2, function() print("2 seconds later") end)

Knows all players. LocalPlayer is you, in a LocalScript.

for _, player in ipairs(game.Players:GetPlayers()) do
  print(player.Name)
end

Heartbeat fires every frame, for smooth movement.

game:GetService("RunService").Heartbeat:Connect(function(dt)
  workspace.Part.Position = workspace.Part.Position + Vector3.new(dt, 0, 0)
end)

Keyboard input, in a LocalScript.

local input = game:GetService("UserInputService")
print(input:IsKeyDown(Enum.KeyCode.W))

Moves, fades or colors things smoothly over time.

local info = TweenInfo.new(2)
local tween = game:GetService("TweenService"):Create(workspace.Part, info, { Transparency = 1 })
tween:Play()
tween.Completed:Wait()

Saves data between sessions. Only in Scripts.

local store = game:GetService("DataStoreService"):GetDataStore("Coins")
store:SetAsync("somebody", 5)
print(store:GetAsync("somebody"))

Removes an object after some time, without blocking.

game:GetService("Debris"):AddItem(workspace.Part, 5)

Gives objects tags, so one script can handle all lava parts at once.

local tags = game:GetService("CollectionService")
tags:AddTag(workspace.Part, "Lava")
for _, part in ipairs(tags:GetTagged("Lava")) do
  print(part.Name)
end

Sells passes and checks whether a player owns one.

local market = game:GetService("MarketplaceService")
local player = game.Players.LocalPlayer
market:PromptGamePassPurchase(player, "PASS-ID")

Products are bought again and again. ProcessReceipt runs on the server once for every purchase.

local market = game:GetService("MarketplaceService")

market.ProcessReceipt = function(info)
  local player = game.Players:GetPlayerByUserId(info.PlayerId)
  if player and info.ProductId == "PRODUCT-ID" then
    player.leaderstats.Coins.Value += 500
  end
  return Enum.ProductPurchaseDecision.PurchaseGranted
end

Gives the bonus of a pass right after buying it, without rejoining.

local market = game:GetService("MarketplaceService")
market.PromptGamePassPurchaseFinished:Connect(function(player, passId, bought)
  if bought and passId == "PASS-ID" then
    player.Character.Humanoid.WalkSpeed = 28
  end
end)

Awards badges to players.

game:GetService("BadgeService"):AwardBadge(12345, "BADGE-ID")

Plays audio: your own file or the free library (flinzu:coin, flinzu:music-happy ...). Play, Pause, Resume, Stop, Volume, Looped, PlaybackSpeed, and in LocalScripts the Ended event.

local sound = Instance.new("Sound", workspace)
sound.SoundId = "flinzu:music-adventure"
sound.Looped = true
sound.Volume = 0.4
sound:Play()

Something players hold: put it in StarterPack, give it a part called Handle. Equipped, Unequipped, Activated (click) and Deactivated. Humanoid:EquipTool and UnequipTools move it in and out of the hand.

local tool = script.Parent
tool.Activated:Connect(function()
  print(tool.Parent.Name .. " used " .. tool.Name)
end)

Shows "Press E" near a part. ActionText, ObjectText, KeyboardKeyCode, HoldDuration, MaxActivationDistance and Enabled. Triggered, PromptButtonHoldBegan and PromptButtonHoldEnded fire on the server.

local prompt = Instance.new("ProximityPrompt", workspace.Chest)
prompt.ActionText = "Open"
prompt.KeyboardKeyCode = Enum.KeyCode.F
prompt.Triggered:Connect(function(player)
  print(player.Name .. " opened the chest")
  prompt.Enabled = false
end)

Shoots an invisible line and tells you what it hits. Used for guns, ground checks and line of sight. Rotated parts count as unrotated.

local hit = workspace:Raycast(Vector3.new(0, 50, 0), Vector3.new(0, -100, 0))
if hit then
  print(hit.Instance.Name, hit.Position, hit.Distance)
end

Makes a ray ignore objects, or only see certain ones.

local params = RaycastParams.new()
params.FilterDescendantsInstances = { workspace.Part }
print(workspace:Raycast(Vector3.new(0, 50, 0), Vector3.new(0, -100, 0), params))

Moves a whole Model at once.

workspace.Model:PivotTo(CFrame.new(0, 20, 0))

Put it inside a part. Anyone touching the part dies.

local part = script.Parent

part.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
  local humanoid = hit.Parent:FindFirstChild("Humanoid")
  if humanoid then
    humanoid.Health = 0
  end
end)

Put it inside a part. It restores health, at most once per second.

local part = script.Parent
local ready = true

part.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
  local humanoid = hit.Parent:FindFirstChild("Humanoid")
  if humanoid and ready then
    ready = false
    humanoid.Health = math.min(humanoid.MaxHealth, humanoid.Health + 25)
    wait(1)
    ready = true
  end
end)

Put it inside a part. Touching it makes the player fast for 5 seconds.

local part = script.Parent
local boosted = {}

part.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
  local humanoid = hit.Parent:FindFirstChild("Humanoid")
  if humanoid and not boosted[humanoid] then
    boosted[humanoid] = true
    humanoid.WalkSpeed = 40
    wait(5)
    humanoid.WalkSpeed = 16
    boosted[humanoid] = nil
  end
end)

Put it inside a part. A click opens or closes it.

local door = script.Parent
local detector = Instance.new("ClickDetector", door)
local open = false

detector.MouseClick:Connect(function()
  open = not open
  door.CanCollide = not open
  door.Transparency = open and 0.7 or 0
end)

Put it inside an anchored part. It glides back and forth forever.

local TweenService = game:GetService("TweenService")
local part = script.Parent
local info = TweenInfo.new(3, Enum.EasingStyle.Sine, Enum.EasingDirection.InOut, -1, true)
local goal = { Position = part.Position + Vector3.new(20, 0, 0) }

TweenService:Create(part, info, goal):Play()

Put it inside an anchored part. It turns all the time.

local RunService = game:GetService("RunService")
local part = script.Parent

RunService.Heartbeat:Connect(function(dt)
  part.CFrame = part.CFrame * CFrame.Angles(0, math.rad(90) * dt, 0)
end)

Put it inside a part and name another part Target. Touching teleports the player there.

local part = script.Parent

part.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
  local target = workspace:FindFirstChild("Target")
  local character = hit.Parent
  if target and character:FindFirstChild("Humanoid") then
    character:MoveTo(target.Position + Vector3.new(0, 3, 0))
  end
end)

Put it inside a part. It counts a coin for the player and comes back after 5 seconds.

local Players = game:GetService("Players")
local coin = script.Parent
local taken = false

coin.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
  local player = Players:GetPlayerFromCharacter(hit.Parent)
  if player and not taken then
    taken = true
    player:SetAttribute("Coins", (player:GetAttribute("Coins") or 0) + 1)
    print(player.Name, "has", player:GetAttribute("Coins"), "coins")
    coin.Transparency = 1
    wait(5)
    coin.Transparency = 0
    taken = false
  end
end)

Put it in ServerScriptService. Coins are loaded on joining and saved on leaving.

local Players = game:GetService("Players")
local store = game:GetService("DataStoreService"):GetDataStore("Coins")

Players.PlayerAdded:Connect(function(player)
  player:SetAttribute("Coins", store:GetAsync(player.UserId) or 0)
end)

Players.PlayerRemoving:Connect(function(player)
  store:SetAsync(player.UserId, player:GetAttribute("Coins") or 0)
end)

Put it in ServerScriptService. It repeats a break and a round; add your own game code.

local BREAK_TIME = 10
local ROUND_TIME = 60

while true do
  print("Break: " .. BREAK_TIME .. " seconds")
  wait(BREAK_TIME)
  print("The round starts!")
  wait(ROUND_TIME)
  print("The round is over!")
end

Put it inside a TextButton. It reacts to clicks.

local button = script.Parent

button.MouseButton1Click:Connect(function()
  button.Text = "Clicked!"
end)

Put it in StarterPlayerScripts. It reacts when the player presses E.

local UserInputService = game:GetService("UserInputService")

UserInputService.InputBegan:Connect(function(input)
  if input.KeyCode == Enum.KeyCode.E then
    print("E was pressed")
  end
end)

Needs a RemoteEvent called RemoteEvent in ReplicatedStorage. A LocalScript calls FireServer.

local remote = game.ReplicatedStorage:WaitForChild("RemoteEvent")

remote.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, message)
  print(player.Name, "says", message)
end)